Explanation of Data Displayed on Spreadsheet

         SHEETS

         Please note that scores are recorded on both Sheet1 and Sheet2 of the spreadsheet.  On Sheet1 are the scores for homework, exams
         and the observational/forecasting project.  On Sheet2 are all of the quiz scores and all of the extra credit scores including points for "fog"
         questions, completing a teacher evaluation at the term's end and other miscellaneous items which are lumped together and placed in the
         column labelled "EC."  Interpretation of the column headings on Sheet2 are obvious.  On Sheet1 column headings are more difficult to
         interpret. Details are provided below under "COLUMN HEADINGS."  Interpretation of row headings on both pages, when not obvious,
         can be guided by referring to the details below under "ROW HEADINGS.".

     COLUMN HEADINGS (Column headings on Sheet1 are explained below.  Sheet2 headings are quite obvious.  For questions
              on Sheet2 headings, please read the paragraph above, then ask your instructor.)                                                   

     "NAME," "CID#," "hw#," "tst#," "op," "final" and "GPTS/3" are deemed obvious.  (To preserve confidentiality, entries in the "NAME"
         column are not displayed in the internet accessible file.)

         HWsm is the sum of homework accumulated to date.  The three lowest homework scores for the semester are excluded from this sum.
         (The three lowest scores will all be zeros for all students until all but the final three homework scores have been entered.  Hence, for most
         of the semester, HWsm will simply be the sum of all entered hw scores.)

         ECsm is the sum of all extra credit points accumulated to date.  It includes "fog" points and all other extra credit points.  Note that
         the individual scores which are summed to find ECsm can be accessed by clicking the "Sheet2" tab at the bottom of the spreadsheet.

         Qsum is the sum of quiz points accumulated to date.  (It may decrease slightly at the end of the semester, when your three lowest quiz
         scores are excluded from the sum.) Note that the individual scores which are summed to find Qsum can be accessed by clicking the
         "Sheet2" tab at the bottom of the spreadsheet.

         HW+EC is the sum of HWsm and ECsm.

         tstsum is the sum of the three highest test scores.

       %TD is the percentage of a "perfect" score to date which you have earned.  %TD can sometimes exceed 100% because it includes
         bonus and extra credit points.

         CUM% is the % of possible points for the entire semester which you have earned to date.  If you were to submit no more work and take
         no more exams, except for work already entered in the spreadsheet, this would be your percentage score at the semester's end.  As with
         %TD, CUM% can exceed 100% because of extra-credit and bonus points.  At the semester's end %TD = CUM%.

         Rank is class rank.  With the grade inflation of recent years, this number has taken on greater importance in a student's resume.  If you
         ask your instructor to write of letter of recommendation in your behalf for purposes of employment or graduate school admission, your
         grade and this number, as of the semester's end (together with the class size), will be included in that letter.

         Grade is a student's predicted grade until all work is submitted, after which it becomes the earned grade.  Early in the semester, it has
         little significance, but it becomes an increasingly more accurate predictor as a semester progresses.  Grade is based on the percentage
         of a "perfect" score earned to date (%TD).  It is determined using the absolute grading scale displayed in the upper right corner of the
         spreadsheet.  That grading scale may be adjusted at your instructor's discretion at the term's end, but it will never be made more harsh,
         i.e., your grade will only improve or remain fixed if your instructor decides to make adjustments.

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          (Please note that the scores in columns which are exhibited in all boldface characters, Qsum, HW+EC. tstsum, op and final,  are the
         scores used directly in the calculation of %TD, CUM% and Grade.)

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         ROW HEADINGS

         Possible is the maximum possible number of points in a column. It includes extra credit and bonus points so it can be equal to or greater
         than "Perfect", but not less.

         "Perfect" is a "perfect" score.  Perfect percentages cannot exceed 100% (perfection) so these scores do not include extra credit
         and bonus points.

         Average is the average score in each column.  Blanks are counted as zeroes and are included in the calculation.

         NZ Average is the average value of the actual scores in each column, i.e., blanks are disregarded and have no effect on this average.

         N is the number of actual (non-blank or non-E/non-W in the case of the grade column) scores in each column.

         Std Dev is the standard deviation of the non-zero scores in each column.  Blanks are not included in the calculation of Std Dev.  (If a
         column contains any non-numeric characters, such as "*", the algorithm which calculates Std Dev is disabled and no standard deviation
         is displayed.)

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Hot Pink Scores

Very rarely homework scores have been lost in the grading process.  A student with a lost homework assignment may either (1) resubmit the work (with no penalty for lateness) or (2) simply take the average of his/her submitted homework scores as his/her score for the lost assignment.  Replacement scores obtained using option (2) are displayed in hot pink.  (Students are responsible for reporting missing scores.  Your instructor has no way of knowing whether a blank on the score sheet indicates a lost score or simply [almost all cases] an assignment which was not submitted.)