VARIOUS TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS

Environmental Lapse Rate (ELR):

ELR = 6.5°C/km = 3.6°F/1000ft

(This is the "standard value," which is an average value; the actual rate is quite variable.  When the ELR is at its
standard value, the summit of Timpanogos, since it is 11750' − 4655' = 7.1 kft higher than campus, is about
3.6°F/kft × 7.1 kft = 25.6°F cooler than the campus out-of-doors temperature.)

Dry Adiabatic Rate (DAR):

DAR = 10°C/km = 5.5°F/1000ft

(This rate is nearly constant.)

Moist Adiabatic Rate (MAR):

MAR = 6°C/km = 3.3°F/1000ft

(This rate decreases considerably as temperature increases and also decreases slightly as pressure decreases.  The value 6C/km
is an average value.  Click here to see Ahrens' Table 6.1 which gives the MAR for a range to temperatures and pressures.)

Dew Point Lapse Rate (DPLR):

DPLR = 2°C/km = 1°F/1000ft